Alternative workforce development models are now mainstream: Are they also financially sustainable?

Over the past years, alternative workforce development models like Hire Train Deploy, Apprenticeship, Bootcamps and Certifications have grown rapidly and are addressing the talent gap. However, many companies in this space struggle to reach profitability and prove economies of scale. Many players are shifting from B2C to B2B in search of profitability. What is the future for these models? How should investors and managers think about the economic model?